User Interface (UI) design is the process of designing user interfaces for digital products, websites, or apps. UI designers work with teams of product managers, UX designers, and developers to create high-fidelity screens and prototypes that represent how the product will look and function once it’s released to the public.

The goal of UI design is to create a user interface that is both effective and appealing to users. An effective UI must be intuitive (easy to use and understand), combined with a visual aesthetic that is inviting to ideal users and builds on the product’s brand identity.

What Does a UI Designer Do?

UI design is only one part of the product design process. It takes the conceptual user flow and wireframe (or low-fi interface design), and turns it into a pixel-perfect design that can evolve into a working prototype for usability testing. Once any final changes are made, the design is then handed off to the development team.

Some of the common tasks and responsibilities of a UI designer include:

Understand user needs through user research and design a UI that meets those needs.
Incorporate any existing visual design requirements to ensure the product is aligned with the existing brand identity.
Use various UI design tools to create high-fidelity interface designs, mockups, and prototypes that represent how the product will look and function once it’s released to the public.
Work with teams of product managers, UX designers, and developers to create an effective and appealing user interface
Conduct usability testing to ensure that the UI is effective and easy to use
Iterate on the design based on feedback from users, stakeholders, or other team members

It’s worth noting that not all UI design positions are strictly composed of UI design work. Many are actually a crossover role that might require anything from UX design skills to front end development (which includes implementing your designs with code), or even brand identity and graphic design work. We’ll talk more about what to look for in a job role in a moment.

Learn More: What is the Difference Between UX and UI Design?

One common thread among all of these tasks is the need to collaborate with other team members. Let’s take a look at how UI designers collaborate with other professionals in order to create an effective user interface.

How Do UI Designers Collaborate?

In a mid to large size product design team, UI designers typically work with product managers, UX designers, and developers in order to create an effective user interface.

In general, UI designers collaborate with:

Product managers who are responsible for defining the features and functionality of a product. They work closely with UI designers to ensure that the product meets the needs of users.
UX designers who are responsible for designing the user experience of a product. They work closely with UI designers to ensure that the product is easy to use and understand.
Developers who are responsible for implementing the design of a product. They work closely with designers and product managers to ensure that the product behaves as expected.

UI designers must also collaborate with other team members, such as marketing, sales, and customer support, in order to ensure that the product meets the needs of all users.

Within a smaller company or startup, however, you might find that there is a single UX/UI design role, which is responsible for the entire product design process, including some product management components.

UI Design Skill Set

There are certain hard and soft skills that are required for the day-to-day work of a UI designer.

Hard Skills of a UI Designer

UI designers typically have a suite of hard skills centered on visual design and research. Hard skills form the technical side of working as a UI designer. They are all learnable, whether by spending hours of searching through Google, or signing up for a UI design course.

Some of the hard skills required for UI design work include:

Knowledge of typography, color theory, and layout principles that align with information architecture.
Knowledge of user experience (UX) design principles.
An understanding of the user journey, and how to incorporate user flows into the interface designs.
Familiarity with various UI design tools, such as Adobe Photoshop, Figma, and InVision.
Ability to create high-fidelity screens and prototypes.
An understanding of graphic design, and how to incorporate it into a digital product or service.

As you pursue a career as a UI designer, you’ll find that it’s beneficial to round out your design skills with additional understanding of the product design process. Most UI designers also have a strong foundation in UX design and research. Additionally, many learn technical skills like front-end development, so you can collaborate on a higher level during the handoff process.

Soft Skills of a UI Designer

The soft skills of a UI designer tend to focus on communication and attention to detail, since their role is to take complex ideas and create pixel-perfect, user-friendly designs out of these ideas.

Some of the soft skills required for UI design work include:

Strong communication skills, so you can work seamlessly with other team members, whether they “speak design” or not.
Ability to collaborate with other team members, since you’ll be essentially bridging the product gap between UX design and development.
Problem solving skills, which will allow you to create impactful design solutions, despite sometimes challenging requirements.
Organizational skills, which will help you to keep your design files tidy, and utilize product design systems across multiple projects.

Unlike hard skills, you can’t just follow a step-by-step tutorial to learn a soft skill that can then be added to your resume. Instead, these require intentional shifts in your daily work habits, and will grow over time (and with constructive feedback from team members).

Because of this, companies tend to look for candidates who can demonstrate a strong set of soft skills throughout their interview process, and will often reject applicants who lack them.